夏季大亚湾大型底栖动物群落结构

Community structure of macrobenthos in summer in Daya Bay

利用2013年8月在大亚湾海域进行的海洋生态调查所采集的底栖动物样品及环境参数,研究了夏季大亚湾海域底栖动物种类组成、数量分布、群落结构及其环境影响因子。结果表明,调查共采集到大型底栖动物153种,其中环节动物81种、软体动物37种、甲壳动物25种、棘皮动物6种、其他类动物4种;环节动物种数占总种数的52.94%,是构成大亚湾大型底栖动物的主要类群。优势种类为短吻铲荚螠和波纹巴菲蛤。底栖动物平均丰度和平均生物量分别为410ind·m^(–2)和84.83g·m^(–2)。等级聚类分析(CLUSTER)将大亚湾的底栖动物分为5个群落。相关性分析表明,影响夏季大亚湾底栖动物群落结构的主要环境因子为沉积物石油类。BIOENV分析表明,底栖动物种类丰度与有机质和重金属的铅、铜和镉等环境因素密切相关。

The species composition,abundance,biomass and characteristics of macrobenthic fauna in Daya Bay were studied and the main factors that influence the distribution of benthic macrofauna were discussed,based on samples obtained from32stations in August2013.A total of153macrobenthic species were identified,including81species of polychaete,37species of mollusk,25species of crustacean,6species of echinoderm and4species of others.Polychaetes represented the most dominant group and accounted for52.94%of the total species.The macrobenthos was dominated by Listriolobus brevirostri and Paphia undulata.The average total density and average total biomass of the macrobenthos were410ind·m-2and84.83g·m-2,respectively.Cluster analysis showed that the macrobenthic community could be divided into five groups with notable differences.Person correlation analysis was conducted between community characteristic indices and sediment factors,which showed that petroleum hydrocarbon in sediment in Daya Bay was main environmental factor affecting the benthic community structure in summer.BIOENV analysis showed that the benthic species abundance was closely related to organic matters and heavy metals such as lead,copper and cadmium.