文化翻译中归化与异化之哲学理据

Philosophical Motivations of Domestication and Foreignization in Cultural Translation

文化翻译的内涵一般认为存在广义与狭义之意义区分,前者等同于文化视野的翻译,两种语言的文化交流,后者则指原语文化内容在译语中的翻译。我们认为狭义含义的文化翻译更利于文化翻译研究与实践。在文化翻译途径中,采取的翻译策略有归化与异化,两者既对立又统一,往往共生于具体翻译中。归化与异化的不同选择有其哲学依据。我们认为存在三类哲学理据,本体决定理据、客体制约理据和主体选择理据,三类理据共同构成归化与异化策略的哲学依据。相应地,在评估文化翻译中的归化与异化策略时,也就不能离开影响策略选择的哲学依据。

The nature of cultural translation is generally considered to be endowed with a broad and narrow implication,with the first covering all kinds of translation and the latter related to the translation of source cultural elements into targetlanguage.The broad sense refers to translation from a cultural perspective,covering the range of the cultural exchangebetween two languages.In our consideration,the narrow sense is much better and beneficial for both theoretical researchand practice of cultural translation.In cultural translation,there are two strategies-domestication and foreignization.The two may reject each other,yet they are also united in some sense,working together in specific translation events.Which one to choose is not arbitrary and is a choice based on philosophical motivations.From our perspective,there arethree categories of motivations,ontological determining motivations,outside restricting ones and subjective selectingones.Accordingly,in the assessment of the employing of domestication and foreignization,the motivations on which thestrategies are based cannot be put aside.