38例多发性骨髓瘤的实验室检查及临床分析

Laboratory Examination and Clinical Analysis of 38 Cases of Multiple Myeloma

目的:总结分析多发性骨髓瘤(MM)的实验室特点,以提高对多发性骨髓瘤的认识,避免漏诊和误诊。方法:对38例确诊的MM患者的实验室特点和临床表现作回顾性分析。结果:38例确诊的MM患者中,贫血29例,骨痛和骨骼疾患18例,肾功能衰竭5例,呼吸道感染3例,胃炎2例,以贫血和骨痛最多见,骨髓细胞学检查可见浆细胞比例增高,形态呈多样化,可见双核、多核的骨髓瘤细胞。X线检查可见多发性虫蚀样及穿凿样骨质破坏影,密度低,边界清或不清,甚至出现病理性骨折。结论:在实际工作中检验人员应加强对MM的认识,掌握其特点,对异常的实验室结果应加以综合分析,使多发性骨髓瘤能够得到及时发现和确诊。

Objective:To summarize and analyze the characteristic of laboratory of Multiple Myeloma(MM),and to improve the understanding of MM for avoiding the missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.Methods:Retrospective analysis was done in the laboratory characteristic and clinical feature of38cases of diagnosed MM.Results:Among the38cases,29cases had anemia,18cases had ostealgia,5cases had renal failure,3cases had RTI,and2cases had gastritis.Anemia and ostealgia were the most common ones.The rate of plasmacyte was high in the examination of marrow cell with diversity and visible dual-core or myeloma cells could be found.Xray showed the multiple moth-eaten and punched-out lesions in bones with low density,blur edge and pathological fracture.Conclusion:In the practical work,inspectors should enhance the understanding of MM,be clear about it features,and be able to analyze comprehensively about the abnormal laboratory results for timely detection and diagnosis of multiple myeloma.