国内外三家资助机构开放存取实践研究

Study on Open Access Practices of Research Outputs Funded by Public Funding Bodies in UK, China, and USA

以英国研究理事会总会、中国国家自然科学基金委员会、美国国家科学基金会三家资助机构为例,对近年来其科研成果开放存取行动进行了剖析,包括政策背景、进度规划、资源覆盖范围、开放存取模式、知识库构建、经费支持、监督评价以及实施现状。研究认为,公共研究资助机构主导的开放存取行动是政府部门履行扩大科研公共产品公共效用职责的体现;开放存取行动基于不同工作需求和环境会形成差别化的路径选择;行动中学术研究系统的生态稳定性以及监测与评估机制应得到高度重视。

This paper takes Research Councils UK,National Natural Science Foundation of China,and National Natural Science Foundation of USA as examples,analyzes open access practices initiated by them in recent years,covering policy background,objective,timetable,scope,route,repository system,expenditure,monitoring and evaluation.The paper concludes that open access practices initiated by public funding bodies represents government’s fulfillment of their duty in maximizing the benefits from public research output;Open access practices have diverse route choices based on different requirements and support conditions;Great importance should be attached to the ecological stability of academic system and monitoring&evaluation mechanism in implementation.