新加坡园林绿化政策法规及经验借鉴

Drawing on Singapore's Experience in Urban Greening Laws and Regulations

新加坡近年来实施"花园城市"战略,在园林绿化方面取得了显赫的成就,其成功的绿化建设经验也广泛被研究和分析参考。梳理了新加坡建设"花园城市"的进程及相应的绿化管理法规,并针对古树名木的保护、破坏绿化行为的处罚以及恢复原状的规定几方面,对比了新加坡绿化法规《公园与树木法令》与中国的《城市绿化条例》。研究结果表明:新加坡能够在城市绿化建设中取得显著成就,源于其正确地推行"花园城市"的基本国策并强力执行,同时通过完善的立法和严格的执法对公民的行为进行约束,对国家的自然资源和遗产进行全面有效的保护,并且高度重视绿化相关知识的教育和普及,鼓励全民参与性的绿化活动;我国的城乡绿化法规的惩罚力度和威慑力方面稍显薄弱,公民参与意识还亟待加强。

Singapore is known as the'Garden City'because of its remarkable achievements on urban greening in recent years.The Singapore experience in landscape planning and implementation can serve as a model for many rapidly urbanizing cities.This paper examines the development of Singapore as a'Garden City'and its urban greening management and governance.It compares the greening laws of Singapore with those of China(Parks and Trees Act,Regulations on Urban Greening)on trees conservation,punishment of damage and reinstatement.The results of this paper show that Singapore's success on urban greening attributes to the implementation of the'Garden City'strategy as a government policy.Clear provisions and strict enforcement restrain citizens'behaviors and protect natural resources and heritage.Singapore's planning authority also attaches great importance to the popularization of green awareness and calls for public participation.By comparison,the inadequacies in the laws and regulations of urban greening in China are obvious.Enhanced punishment and greater public participation are what China needs now.