中国自然保护地体制问题分析与应对

Analysis on the Problems of Protected Area System in China and the Countermeasure

建立国家公园体制是一项关系全民福祉、生态安全和国家形象的重要国家战略。如何处理与我国现有自然保护地制度的关系是实施该项战略必须要应对的重要问题。研究系统梳理了我国自然保护地制度建设历程。目前我国风景名胜区、自然保护区、地质公园、森林公园、湿地公园等10余类自然保护地制度并存。总结出我国自然保护地制度存在的五大主要问题:"保护职能部门分散""保护空间和类型交叠""保护资金缺乏""过于逐利经营"与"立法不健全",并初步提出相应思路。

The establishment of National Park System in China is a significant national-level strategy related to national well-being,ecological security and national image.How to deal with the existing natural protected area system is one of the main problems that mustbe dealt with in the implementation of the strategy.This study sorted out the history and the status quo of natural protected area system ofChina.At present,more than ten types of natural protected areas co-exist,including scenic areas,nature reserves,geological parks,forestparks,and wetland parks and so on.With the in-depth analysis on the management of each type of natural protected area,five key problemswere summarized out as follows:separated protection forces,overlapped spatial scopes,insufficient financial input,chase of profit-makingand low quality of legislation.At the end,preliminary suggestions are proposed to overcome these problems.