回归与延展——对现行城市园林绿化指标的思考及建议

Regression and Extension——Thoughts and Suggestions on the Current Green Indicator of Urban Landscaping

绿化指标是评价城市园林绿化水平和环境质量不可或缺的手段,同时也是城市规划建设管理水平、居民生活水平、对环境重视程度的一个反映,能够有效地指导城市绿地建设。其中,绿地率、人均公园绿地面积、绿化覆盖率三大指标因其直观性和统计方面的易操作性,目前被广泛使用和认可。简述了中国现行园林绿化指标的发展及现状,结合工作经验对现行指标中存在的口径不一,指标不客观,数据有失科学性、严肃性等问题进行了剖析,就城市园林绿化应把控的核心和重点指标从指标选定、统计方法、评价标准方面进行探讨。提出应尽快统一绿地指标的统计口径;增加"人均游憩绿地面积"作为辅助指标以便于构建内外一体的游憩绿地体系;统一公园绿地服务半径覆盖率的计算方式以促进公园绿地的均好性布局水平等园林绿化指标相关建议。

Green indicator is an indispensable means to evaluate the level of urban landscape and environmental quality.It is also areflection of the management level of urban planning and construction,the living standard of the residents,and the degree of attention to theenvironment.It can effectively guide the construction of urban green space.Among them,the ratio of green space,the per capita park greenspace,the percentage of greenery coverage,as three major indicators have been widely used and recognized,because of the intuition andoperability on statistics.This paper introduces the development and present situation of Chinese green indicators.Combined with the author'swork experience,the existing problems of indicators such as inconsistent caliber,indicators lacking objectivity,data lacking scientificalnessand seriousness are analyzed,the core and key indicators that should be controlled are discussed on the aspects of indicators-selecting,statistical method and evaluation criterion.It is proposed that the statistical caliber of the green space should be unified as soon as possible;the'per capita recreational green space'should be added as an auxiliary indicator to facilitate the integrated construction of the internal andexternal recreation green space system;the calculation method of the service coverage of public green space should be unified,in order topromote the layout of park green space.