夏黑无核等五个葡萄品种冬季修剪技术研究

Suitable pruning method research for five grape varieties in winter

冬季修剪是保证葡萄树势健壮、丰产稳产的重要技术措施。本试验通过对夏黑无核等五个葡萄品种的结果母枝进行不同程度的冬季修剪,在第二年春季统计其实测花芽率,结合第一年冬季对结果母枝上冬芽花芽分化的显微观察结果,分析五个品种的花芽分化规律,从而为其提供合理的冬季修剪方案。试验结果表明:甲斐乙女和温可短梢修剪实测花芽率低,适宜中长梢修剪;夏黑无核、金手指和摩尔多瓦可短梢修剪,留2~3个芽即可获得较高花序率;通过冬季对结果母枝上冬芽的观测,可以了解结果母枝花芽分化情况,从而选择合适的冬季修剪方式。

Pruning is one of important measure in the vineyard management to guarantee the fruitfullness.Toprovide reasonable pruning pattern in the south of China,we analyse the ability of bud inflorescence differentiationof five varieties by pruning in different degrees,observing the results of winter bud differentiation under microscopein the first winter,counting the observed fruitfulness in the later spring and analysis of flower bud differentiation offive cultivars.The results showed that the fruitfulness of Kaiotome and Wink with spur-pruning was low,so canepruningwas better than spur-pruning for Kaiotome and Wink;while for Summer Black seedless/Gold finger andMoldova spur-pruning was enough for the crop of later season,leaving2to3buds can abtain a higher inflorescencerate.The inflorescence differentiation can be observed by observing the winter bud on the fruiting branch in winter,it could provide evidence for pruning pattern to choice.