民用飞机复合材料机翼检修口盖设计

Design of Access Door for Composite Wing of Commercial Aircraft

民用飞机复合材料机翼主盒段结构内部空间作为整体油箱,下壁板通常开设若干口盖。机翼上的口盖除保证维修检查时具有可达性外,还需要满足刚度、油箱密封、防火、防冲击损伤、闪电防护等要求。同时,检修口盖在飞机的整个生命周期内需重复拆装,因此确保检修口盖的紧固件允许重复拆装且口盖本身具有防错设计。该文从设计原则、结构构型、材料选择、密封等方面介绍复合材料机翼口盖的设计。

The interior space of main structure of commercial aircraft composite wing is often used as the integral fuel tank,access coversare designed on the lower composite panel.The access door on wings have to be ensured the accessibility of maintenance inspection,and moreover,need to meet the requirements of stiffness,fuel tank seal,fire prevention,impact damage and lightning protection.Meanwhile,the access doors need to be removed and reinstalled repeatedly throughout the aircraft’s life,it is therefore recommendedto ensure that fasteners used for the access doors allow for repeated removal and installation,and the access doors need error proofingdesign.This paper introduces the design of access door in terms of design principle,structural configuration,material selection,sealingand lightning protection.