存量规划背景下容积率奖励及转移机制设计研究——以上海为例

Floor area ratio rewards and transfer of development rights under the background of stock: Using Shanghai as a case study

容积率奖励及转移是为协调开发商与公众之间利益,提升公共环境品质和保护历史文化遗产而采取的容积率调控手段。本文借鉴国外在容积率奖励及转移方面的经验,总结其做法的优缺点;分析上海在这方面的探索情况,指出目前面临的公共空间难统计、实际操作缺乏政策保障、跨区转移难度大等问题。在此基础上,提出容积率奖励及转移的机制设计要点,包括合理设定容积率控制上限、明确指标核算方法、建立交易平台、建立实施保障机制等,为政策制定完善提供建议,对解决上海实际开发建设需求与城市品质提升之间的矛盾具有一定实际意义。

Floor area ratio(FAR)rewards and transfer of development rights(TDR)are aimed at coordinating the interests of developers and the public,enhancing the quality of the public environment,and protecting historical and cultural heritages.In this paper,we use foreign experiences in FAR rewards and TDR to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of these practices.Then we analyze Shanghai’s exploration and point out the current problems,including the difficulty of stat public space,policy support deficiency,and cross-regional transfer difficulty.On this basis,we present some mechanism design points,such setting the floor rate control limit,clearing indicator accounting methods,establishing trading platforms,establishing the implementation of security mechanisms,and so on.We believe that through these methods we can provide advice to policy makes and offer practical solutions to the disconnect between the actual development and construction needs and city quality improvement in Shanghai.