民族传统文化保护区的探索与实践——以云南省武定县环州大村为例

An Exploration and Practice of National Traditional Culture Protection Areas——A Case Study of Huanzhou Big Village in Wuding County, Yunnan Province

民族传统文化保护区是云南省非物质文化遗产保护工作及其传统村落保护的一种有效模式,环州大村是云南省在贫困山区建立民族传统文化保护区的典型个案。根据调查,贫困山区建立民族传统文化保护区往往面临村貌受损,环境卫生脏、乱、差,人口老龄化严重,村落生计方式简单等困难。在贫困山区建立民族传统文化保护区,尊重群众意愿是成功的基础,改善生计途径是成功的前提,完善实施方案,明确建设思路、任务和目标是成功的保证,坚持"村民主导、专家引导、政府领导"的组织原则是成功的关键。

The national traditional culture protection area is an effective model for the protection of intangible cultural heritages and traditional villages in Yunnan province.Huanzhou big village is a typical case in Yunnan province for the establishment of national traditional culture protection area in poor mountainous areas.According to the survey,establishing national traditional cultural protection areas in poor mountainous areas is often faced with difficulties such as damaged village appearance,dirty,disorderly and bad environment,serious aging of the population,and monotonous means of livelihood,etc.Therefore,in order to establish a national culture reserve in such poor mountainous areas,the author thinks that attention should be paid to the following four aspects:respecting the wishes of the villagers,which is the basis of success;improving the means of livelihood,which is the premise of success;perfecting the implementation plan of the program and clarifying ideas,tasks and goals of the construction practice,which is the guarantee of success;and adhering to the principle that the program is"conducted by villagers,guided by experts and led by the government",which is the key to success.