高速列车车体的灵敏度分析及轻量化设计

Sensitivity analysis and lightweight design for high-speed train car body

针对某高速列车铝合金车体,在静强度及模态特性的有限元分析基础上,分析车体关键部位应力及位移指标对车顶、上边梁、侧墙和底板等主要型材结构的厚度变化的灵敏度,并对灵敏度结果进行分析。基于灵敏度分析结果,确定以车顶、上边梁以及侧墙厚度为设计变量的车体轻量化模型,并进行优化设计。优化后的车体结构减重6.64%,且车体强度、刚度以及模态频率等指标均满足设计要求,达到良好的轻量化效果。

Aluminum alloy car body of a high-speed train is taken as the research subject,the stress and displacement sensitivity of the key parts are analyzed for the car body based on finite element analysis of the static strength and modal characteristics,in which the thickness of main profile structure,such as the roof,top side sill,side wall and floor etc are considered as the influence factors.Based on the sensitivity analysis results,the lightweight model of the car body is determined with the thickness variables of the roof,top side sill and side wall.The optimization design is carried out and the optimization result shows that the total mass of the car body is reduced by6.64%,which achieves the effective lightweight.Furthermore,the strength,stiffness and modal frequency for the optimal car body reach the design target.