TPP环境条款创新对我国缔约工作的启示

Creativity of environment clause in TPP and its inspiration for Chinese IIAs' design

由环境问题引发投资仲裁的核心是对东道国行使"政府管理权"合法性的判断。文章阐述了《跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》在环保制度上的创新:明确了"环境法"的定义、东道国调整环境法规的主权权利,规定了公众参与、缔约国磋商和争端解决制度,重新平衡了东道国政府管理权和投资者利益的关系。针对我国在环境条款的使用上缺少标准和实践的现状,从环境保护制度设计的角度,建议在缔约工作中明确多边环境公约的效力、环境法的定义、公众参与制度和争端的东道国司法解决优先效力。

The key of international investment arbitration caused by environment issues is validity of exercise of police power in order to protect environment.Base on years of practices,TPP redesigns environment-related articles.It defines environment law,stipulates the right of host country to adjust environmental legislations,sets up systems of public participation,consultation and dispute settlement and rebalances the relationship of police power and interests of investors.In view that China is in lack of practices and standards of environment clauses,the present essay,from the angle of designing the system of environmental protection,suggests that China should clarify the definition of environment law and the binding force of multi-lateral environment treaties in IIAs.Further,China should also stipulate public participation mechanism and assure the priority of domestic judicial system in disputes settlement.