政策转移与情境嵌入:一个政策转移有效性的分析框架

Policy transfer and situational embedding: An analysis framework of effectiveness of policy transfer

当前的政策转移研究大多将政策转移作为因变量进行研究,而把政策转移视为影响政策结果的自变量的研究十分缺乏。政策转移是一个转移政策嵌入移入地情境的过程,其效果受到移入地情境特质的影响。作为嵌入客体的情境存在微观、中观、宏观三个层次上的区别。基于嵌入效应受到嵌入主体、嵌入主客体关系影响的逻辑,构建出"政策再生产程度—情境适配度"的政策转移有效性分析框架,把政策转移划分为象征型政策转移、启发型政策转移、冲突型政策转移、融合型政策转移四种类型。通过对不同类型政策转移效果的理论阐释和案例分析,形成政策转移与政策结果之间的因果逻辑解释,为前瞻性的开展政策转移奠定基础。

At present,most of the researches on policy transfer are carried out as a dependent variable,but researches on policy transfer as an independent variable of policy results are in great shortage.The concept of"embedding"is introduced in order to describe transfer policies which are constrained by the situational characteristics.Policy transfer is a process of transfer policy embedded into situation.As the objects of embedding,situations can be divided into three levels:micro,medium and macro.Based on the logic that embedding effect is affected by the embedded subject,relationship between embedded subject and object constructs an analysis framework of effectiveness of policy transfer:“degree of reproduction policy-context adaptation degree”.Policy transfer is divided into symbolic,inspiring,conflicting,and integrated.The author makes a theoretical analysis and case study on the effectiveness of these four types of policy transfer,which may lay the foundation for forward-looking policy transfer.