高血压病患者生命质量及影响因素探究

Investigation of quality of life in hypertension patients and their influencing factors

目的探讨高血压患者的生命质量及相关影响因素。方法 128例原发性高血压患者作为观察组,58例行健康体检者作为对照组,对两组调查对象均采用本社区健康服务中心统一印制的调查表予以问卷调查,采用健康调查简表(SF-36量表)评估两组调查对象生命质量并予以比较,以多元逐步回归法分析高血压患者生命质量的影响因素。结果两组调查对象社会功能(SF)评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组的生理功能(PF)、总体健康(GH)、生理职能(RP)、活力(VT)、躯体疼痛(BP)、精神健康(MH)及情感职能(RE)评分均显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组生命质量总分为(543.48±105.23)分,低于对照组的(600.83±98.17)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经分析发现,年龄越小、长期坚持锻炼、对高血压认知程度高、对高血压病呈乐观态度、近1年内未发生精神创伤、纳入社区管理及平时血压水平<140/90 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)的高血压患者生命质量相对较高。结论要改善高血压病患者的生命质量,还需重视社区综合管理、关注患者症状变化、合理有效降压、加强高血压病防治意识、维持乐观积极心态以及加强自身锻炼等,才能有效提高患者的整体生命质量。

Objective To investigate quality of life in hypertension patients and their related influencingfactors.Methods There were128patients with primary hypertension as observation group and58people inhealth examination as control group.Both groups received questionnaire survey from our community health servicecenter.Short form36health survey(SF-36)was applied to evaluate and compare quality of life between the twogroups.Multiple stepwise regression was applied to analyze influencing factors for quality of life in hypertensionpatients.Results There was no statistically significant difference of social function(SF)scores between thetwo groups(P>0.05).The observation group had all lower physiological function(PF),general health(GH),rolephysical(RP),vitality(VT),bodily pain(BP),mental health(MH)and role emotional(RE)scores than the controlgroup,and their difference had statistical significance(P<0.05).The observation group had lower total score inquality of life as(543.48±105.23)points than(600.83±98.17)points in the control group,and the difference hadstatistical significance(P<0.05).Analysis showed higher quality of life in hypertension patients with younger age,long-term exercise,higher cognition degree of hypertension,positive attitude to hypertension,no psychologicaltrauma within1year,community management involvement,and mean blood pressure level<140/90mm Hg(1mmHg=0.133kPa).Conclusion Effective improvement of overall quality of life in hypertension patients requiresattention on community comprehensive management and symptom changes,rational and effective antihypertensivetherapy,enhancement of prevention awareness,maintenance of positive attitude and self exercise.