刍论中古五言诗发展的四次转关

On the Four Turning Points of Five Characters Poetry in Medieval Times

五言诗生成于汉代,其后历经了四次重要的转关。初次转关是建安时代,五言诗完成了体制的定型,并超越四言诗成为文人创作的首要诗体,中古诗歌进入了五言诗的极盛时代。第二次转关是晋宋之际,五言诗在此际开始生发古近之变,诗歌逐渐脱离敦厚浑朴之气,崇尚俳偶与雕琢,五言诗由是走上了偏重形式美的由古趋近的律化道路。初唐后期发生了第三次转关,五言近体完成了最后定型,并成为唐以后五言诗创作的主要体制。杜甫从题材、风格、形式等方面对五言诗进行全面改造,以一人之力完成了五言诗最后的重大转关。

Five characters poetry appeared in Han dynasty,then experienced four important turning points.The first one is Jian An period,five characters poetry's form was set and surpassed four characters poetry as the main poetic genre.The second turning point is between Jin and Song Dynasties,five characters poetry gradually changed from ancient style to modern style,poets worshiped parallelism and beautiful words with the ancient style fade away.The third tuning point happened in the later period of early Tang dynasty,five characters poetry finally deformed as regulated verse,then became the main form of five characters poetry.The last change completed by Du Fu alone,he reshaped five characters poetry from theme,style and form which made this ancient poetic genre long lived.