文学作品意义之源----20世纪西方文论史视角

The Source of Meaning of Literary Works: From the Perspective of 20^(th) Century Western Literary History

这里先从对20世纪西方文学批评的一些主要趋势的研究开始；然后提出，形式主义及其反对者的影响以及在此过程中对文艺美学方面的强调，导致了一种不良后果：放松了对规范文学意义探寻标准的坚持；最后呼吁，我们应对文学作品（包括作者）本身原本旨在告诉读者什么内容和意图，给予全新关注。

The rise of historicism at the turn of the 19th century changed the ancient poetics and rhetoric standards held by Aristotle for a long time, trying to integrate literary studies into a larger historical context, but in the first half of the 20th century several literary criticism methods, including formalism, new criticism, structuralism and poststructuralism, came up to emphasize once again the importance of form and rhetoric. After the 1980s and 1990s, a new inclination to seek and promote the relationship between literature and the real world has encouraged the literary research that interprets classical and contemporary literary works on the basis of current political issues. The influence of formalism and its opponents, as well as the emphasis on literary aesthetics in the process, led to the relaxation of the standard for the search of literary significance. Therefore, we must give brand-new attention to what the literary works themselves are intended to tell the reader.