反腐败、企业家能力与企业创新

Anti-corruption,Entrepreneurial Competencies and Enterprise Innovation

本文利用中国上市公司企业家能力指数(CCEIBNU),探究企业家能力对企业创新的影响机理,结合当前反腐败的背景,深入研究反腐败对企业家能力与企业创新的影响,并进行实证检验,得出如下结论:(1)企业家能力的提升对企业创新有积极作用。非国有企业中企业家能力和企业创新显著正相关,但在国有企业中只有企业家关系网络能力与企业创新正相关。(2)反腐败增加了企业家寻租的成本和难度,企业家能力会更多地配置到生产领域,促进企业增加创新投入,因此,反腐败会强化企业家能力对创新的促进作用。(3)进一步对企业分类研究发现,反腐败对国有企业和非国有企业的创新都有一定的促进作用,并会加强非国有企业的企业家能力对企业创新的正效应,对于国有企业来讲,反腐败加强了企业家人力资本对企业创新的积极影响,而企业家关系网络对企业创新的影响不再显著。

Facing the great pressure of domestic economic downturn and the transformation of economic struc-ture,enterprise innovation has become the next focus of economic development.Therefore,it is an important topic for studying the influence factor of the enterprise innovation.Entrepreneur is the main part of enterprise innovation.Entrepreneur competencies determine the development track of enterprises and has the most direct and fundamental influence on the enterprise innovation.Chinese economy has experienced a rapid development after implementing the policy of44reform and opening^.But the economic growth has also brought massive official corruption.The rent-seeking and corruption will lead to the misconfiguration of entrepreneur competencies from productive field to non-productive field and produce the crowding-out effect to entrepreneur competencies,thus being not conducive to innovation.Accordingly,it is essential to implement anti-corruption policy to avoid the grave consequences brought by corruption.On one hand,anti-corruption can reduce the illegal rent-seeking behavior of entrepreneur.On the other hand,it can prevent the44grabbing hand^of governmental official reach out to enterprises and further facilita-ting all the efforts of entrepreneur can be made to enterprise innovation.After the18th CPC National Congress,the Chinese authorities have strengthened the anti-corruption efforts.This article mainly resolves the following two prob-lems.First,what is the impact of entrepreneur competencies on enterprise innovation.Second,whether entrepre-neur competencies can be given full play in the improved government-business environment and further promoting enterprise innovation.This article investigated the influence mechanism of entrepreneur competencies on enterprise innovation using CCEIbnu and further made an intensive study of the effect of anti-corruption on the relationship between entrepreneur competencies and enterprise innovation based on the background of the current anti-corruption efforts.After the em-pirical examination,we draw the following conclusions.1.The promotion of entrepreneur competencies have a pos-itive effect on enterprise innovation.Significant positive correlation exists between entrepreneur competencies and enterprise innovation in non-state-owned enterprises.But the positive correlation only exists between entrepreneur network competencies and enterprise innovation in state-owned enterprises.2.Anti-corruption increases the cost and difficulty of rent-seeking,thus configuring entrepreneur competencies to production field and further facilitating the increase of R&D input.Hence,anti-corruption will intensify the promotion of entrepreneur competencies to en-terprise innovation.3.Further study found that anti-corruption has a certain role in promoting enterprise innovation for both state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises.For the non-state-owned enterprises,anti-corruption can en-hance the positive effect of entrepreneur competencies on enterprise innovation.For the state-owned enterprises,anti-corruption can enhance the positive effect of entrepreneur human capital on enterprise innovation.But the effect of entrepreneur network on enterprise innovation is not significant.Therefore,we can obtain the following policy recommendations.1.Creating a good environment which can be favorable for cultivating entrepreneur competencies.Constructing a new government-business relation and defining the legal limits of the power of government officials.Mobilizing the enthusiasm of the government and enterprises to promoting enterprise innovation.2.Strengthening the anti-corruption efforts at the government level and cutting off the channels of rent-seeking of entrepreneur.More importantly,anti-corruption should be institutionalized and carried out for a long period.3.On the premise of improving the responsibility mechanism of state-owned enterprise execu-tives,exploring to construct professional manager market and evaluation system of state-owned enterprise executives.