供给侧结构性改革背景下高端服务业创新能力与绩效——基于整合视角的实证研究

Innovation Capability and Performance of High-end Service Firms under the Background of Supply-side Structural Reform:Empirical Research Findings from the Synthesis Perspective

企业创新能力与绩效是创新研究领域一个关键问题,对实现供给侧结构性改革目标具有十分重要的意义。目前大多数创新能力研究缺乏包括从创意产生到产品市场化整个过程的总体框架,并且多以技术创新为焦点,忽视企业创新的非技术要素,缺乏超越技术创新活动来探讨创新能力的新视域,在研究视角以及方法论方面存在局限与不足。此外,在微观层面对高端服务业创新能力与绩效进行的实证研究数量有限,存在研究薄弱、认识不足等问题。在文献综述基础上,本文基于"环境—对策—实施—产出"的系统观,提出将创新能力多维性置于企业组织平台并对创新全过程进行研究的整合视角。同时,对高端服务业中小企业在供给侧结构性改革时期的创新能力与绩效展开实证研究,采用多元回归方法,分析了来自上海及长三角地区企业1330份样本调查获得的一手数据,揭示了创新能力对绩效的促进作用,为政府制定相关政策及高端服务业实现创新发展提供了必要的决策参考,同时,为通过微观层面研究高端服务业创新能力与绩效提供了可供参考的前期基础。

Although China,s service industry played an important role in economic development,the industry is faced by challenges.Deficiencies such as weak competiveness,low profit gain,and poor efficiency are the main obstacles that hinder the industry from making greater development.The hi-end service industry,as the core of service industry,has not excellently worked to promote economic development.Under the circumstances of the do-mestic supply-side structural reform,the hi-end service industry is urgently expected to break through the obstacles and effectively function to support domestic manufacturing industry.It is well accepted that innovation is the driver propelling economic development during the new norm period,improvement of innovation capability of the hi-end service industry is a great necessity,which is of vital significance to the success of supply-side structural reform.In the scope of innovation studies,innovation capability and firm performance has been a key research ques-tion in the focus of the domestic academia and government at different levels.Literature review reveals most of the current research,focusing on technology innovation while neglecting non-technology innovation,fails to explore in-novation capability through an entire process from idea creation to creativity commercialization.Thus,innovation capability,as a multidimensional phenomenon,has not been entirely studied either theoretically or empirically,and there exist weakness and insufficiency in the current studies in terms of the broadness of research perspective,the rationality of research method,and the quantity of empirical findings on the innovation in hi-end service industries.The authors,supported by the current literature,adopt a so-called synthesis perspective.The synthesis per-spective takes innovation capability and performance as a cohesive process incorporating environmental changes identification,strategic countermeasures,innovation implementation,and innovation output.According to this syn-thesis perspective,the multidimensionality of innovation capability is studied by examining the competence of man-aging the process-related innovation assignments.The synthesis perspective makes both technology innovation and non-technology innovation empirically measurable,and thus provides a systematic approach for making a firm level investigation on innovation capability and performance.In this research,a synthesis perspective-based theoretical framework is formulated,and the multidimensionali-ty of innovation capability is accordingly classified into8categories,with firm performance divided into operational performance and financial performance.Questionnaires are taken as the measurement instrument for data collection,and survey is made to the1330SMEs from the hi-end service industries located in Shanghai and Yangzi Delta area.With multivariate regression analysis applied in this research,the authors present empirical findings,which verify the following:in the hi-end service industry,the firms enjoying stronger innovation capability achieve better per-formance.The capabilities of managing technology innovation and non-technology innovation influence firm,s per-formance.Among these capabilities,the capability of making innovation strategy is the most important determinant because it decides firms^financial and operational performance,and the capability of technology plays a significant role determining the firm,s financial performance.