诉求变动与策略调整:印度参与全球治理的现实路径及前景

Changes in Preferences and Strategic Adjustment:Realistic Paths and Prospects for India's Participation in Global Governance

在当前参与全球治理的过程中,印度的现实诉求和参与策略都正经历着不断的变动和调整。无论是从全球治理秩序的边缘地位向中心移动,还是维护国内的政治经济利益,印度在全球治理中的国家利益诉求的实际内涵日益复杂。相应地,印度从在国际谈判中适当缓和强硬立场、在双边及多边关系中平衡合作与制衡的关系、塑造规则制定者的身份等三个层面着手,对其参与全球治理的策略和路径进行了调整。但这些调整难以避免其困境与限度,如何协调塑造负责任大国形象与维护国内利益之间的冲突、平衡及整合在各不同领域和议题中的参与、弥合担当规则制定者的意愿与能力之间的鸿沟,是印度在参与全球治理的过程中需要面对和解决的重大问题。

With respect to its participation in global governance processes,India's preferences and actual participation are presently in a process of continued change and adjustment.India has been moving from a position at the margins of global governance to one of central prominence,while at the same time also shifting its approach vis-à-vis the protection of its domestic political-economic interests.This has resulted in growing complexity with respect to India's national preferences vis-à-vis global governance processes.Concurrently,India has also adjusted its strategy and channels of participation in global governance,particularly with respect to the following three areas:(1)moderating its hardline stance in international negotiations,(2)balancing the application of cooperative and containment approaches vis-à-vis its bilateral and multilateral relations,and(3)when it comes to playing a role as a rule maker.Inevitably,these adjustments have been met by a range of challenges and limitations,especially around managing the conflict between building its image as a responsible power and safeguarding its national interests,balancing and streamlining its participation around a full range of issues,and bridging the gap between its desire to set international norms and its limited capacity.These are all critical issues thatIndia needs to take on as it considers its participation in global governance.