石墨烯复合材料在输电储电器件中的应用进展

Application Progress of Graphene Composites for Electric Transmission and Storage Device

作为先进纳米材料,石墨烯复合材料在输电储电器件中的应用主要集中在铝/铜制电缆线芯和锂电池电极材料。目前,输电和储电器件在应用过程中存在的主要问题有三个:(1)铝/铜制电缆线芯的导电性能与强度性能不匹配;(2)屏蔽电缆炭黑复合屏蔽层易于开裂,直接影响电网安全运行;(3)锂电池的能量密度、功率密度有待提高。本文系统论述了如何利用石墨烯复合材料解决目前输电和储电器件应用中的问题,并指出了今后的应用研究方向。研究结果显示:(1)通过石墨烯作为增强相可使电缆线芯的导电性和强度同步提高;(2)利用石墨烯-尼龙复合替换炭黑复合材料,可解决屏蔽电缆屏蔽层容易开裂的问题;(3)利用新型石墨烯复合材料优化锂电池正负电极材料,可显著提高储电器件的充放电效率和容量。石墨烯复合材料今后在输电储电器件中的应用研究重点是:(1)产业化生产兼具强度与导电性的石墨烯/铝复合电缆线芯;和CVD(Chemical Vapor Deposition)铜/石墨烯复合高压电缆。(2)利用新型石墨烯复合材料体系实现锂电池的快速和有效充放电。

As advanced nanomaterial,graphene composite may be applicable in aluminum or copper core cable,as well as an electrode material for lithium batteries.At present,three issues in the way of the component applications for electric transmission and storage are:(i)electrical conductivity of aluminum cable core does not match with its strength performance;(ii)shielding layer of carbon black composite tends to crack,and affects runtime and reliability of power grid;(iii)density of energy and electricity in lithium batteries is not sufficient.This work reviews how to use graphene composite to deal with the issues for transmission and storage devices,and provides an outlook for the future research.The results show that,(i)strength and conductivity of cable core can be improved synchronously using graphene as strengthening-phase;(ii)the problem in vulnerable shield layer can be solved through replacing carbon black composite by graphene-nylon composite;(iii)charge/discharge efficiency and capacity of the lithium batteries can be improved in evidence,using new graphene composite in electrode material for lithium batteries anode.Two emphases of further researches are,(i)explore industrialization of graphene-aluminum composite cable core with both good strength and electric conductivity,and CVD copper/graphene composite cable core;(ii)achieve fast and efficient charge/discharge in lithium batteries,through new graphene composites.