城市公共自行车租赁系统站点配车数仿真优化

Simulation analysis and optimization of deployment number of bikes in public bicycle sharing systems

城市公共自行车系统旨在满足当地居民"最后一公里"的出行需求,因其低成本且环保的特点受到越来越多城市的欢迎,但整个系统涉及人流量、出行方式及交通状况等多层因素,难以构建数学模型进行定量描述。依据某市公共自行车系统的运营情况,采用系统建模的方式,构建基于Plant Simulation的公共自行车系统仿真模型,以站点服务度和设施利用率为评价指标,对各个租赁站点的配车数进行了分析。利用敏感性分析和迭代相结合的方法,在平衡服务质量和设施利用率的情况下,对各公共自行车租赁站点的配车数进行了优化,仿真结果表明优化后的配车数有利于改善系统的服务质量。

Public bicycle sharing systems aim at solving the last mile problem of residents,and offer a low cost and environmentallyfriendly mean of transportation for short travels.However the systems involve many factors including populationflow,the traveling approach and traffic condition,they are hard to be described by mathematical models quantitatively.In this paper,the operation processes of the public bicycle system are modelled in Plant Simulation based on the systemmodeling methodology.The service level and the utilization ratio of the facilities are used as the index,and the deploymentof the servicing stations are analyzed.To further balance the servicing quality and the utilization rate of bikes,thesensitive analysis is integrated to the iteration optimization process.The more reasonable deployment number of assignedbicycle of the stations is obtained.The simulation results show the optimized number of assigned bicycles of the servicingstations can improve the servicing performance of the public bicycle systems.