吹扫捕集-热脱附-气相色谱-质谱联用法分析不同产地香樟叶精油成分及抑菌活性比较

Comparative Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oils of Cinnamomum camphora L. Presl Leaves from Three Geographic Origins

采用吹扫捕集-热脱附-气相色谱-质谱法,分析3个不同产地(广西、江西和安徽)的香樟叶精油成分差异,比较3种香樟叶精油对植物病原真菌的抑制活性。结果表明,从3种不同产地香樟叶精油中检出挥发性成分的数量依次为:江西香樟22种,安徽香樟20种,广西香樟16种。3种香樟叶精油的共有成分主要为萜烯类化合物,相对含量不小于1%的共有成分为月桂烯、β-石竹烯和芳樟醇。芳樟醇的相对含量在3个产地的精油中差异较大,依次为:广西产地(76.97%)>江西产地(32.40%)>安徽产地(1.39%)。进一步利用全二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱法,分析广西产地的香樟叶精油成分,结合保留指数,鉴定出44种化合物。抑菌活性结果表明,广西产地的香樟叶精油具有较好抑菌活性,对苹果炭疽菌、番茄灰霉菌和小麦赤霉菌的半抑制浓度值(处理48 h后)分别为:31.74、35.79 mg/L和38.02 mg/L。香樟叶精油中的芳樟醇成分对其抑菌活性具有重要贡献。本研究为香樟叶精油在果蔬防腐保鲜剂及相关产品的研发提供基础。

The essential oils of Cinnamomum camphora L.Presl from three different origins obtained by hydrodistillationwere analyzed by purge and trap thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(P&T-TD-GC-MS),and theirinhibitory activity against plant pathogenic fungi was comparatively assessed.A total of22,20and16volatile componentswere detected in the essential oils of C.camphora grown in Jiangxi,Anhui and Guangxi provinces,respectively.Themajor components identified with a relative content of more than1%wereβ-myrcene,β-caryophyllene and linalool.Furthermore,the essential oil of C.camphora from Guangxi province was also analyzed by comprehensive two-dimensionalgas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(GC×GC-TOFMS).A total of44components were identified in theessential oil of C.camphora from Guangxi province,dominated by alcohols and terpenes.In the antifungal assay,the leafoil from Guangxi province showed strong antifungal activities against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,Botrytis cinerea,and Fusarium graminearum with half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)values of31.74,35.79and38.02mg/L(after48h of treatment),respectively.Linalool was found to be a significant contributor to the antifungal activity.Overall,theessential oil of C.camphora might have the potential to be developed into a natural antimicrobial agent that can be used inthe preservation of fruits and vegetables.