社会支持对流动老人社会融合的影响——基于武汉和深圳的调查数据

Influence of Social Support on Social Integration of Elderly Migrants:Based on the Survey Data in Wuhan and Shenzhen

本文基于武汉和深圳两个城市727位流动老人的调查数据,采用实证分析方法研究了社会支持对流动老人社会融合的影响。研究发现,流动老人主要的社会支持主体是政府、社区和家庭;社会融合包括社会适应、心理融合和行为融合三个因子。实证结果表明,除家庭的经济支持外,社会支持的其他维度对流动老人的社会融合均有显著正向影响。对总体社会融合影响最大的是家庭情感支持,其次是社区提供的养老服务支持和医疗服务支持,再次是政府提供的老年福利和异地就医即时结算。基于此,本文从政府、社区和家庭三个层面提出如下政策建议:政府应增加流动老人的福利,并推动异地就医即时结算,方便流动老人就医和报销;社区支持的重点是建立和完善医养融合的养老服务体系;家庭成员须加大情感支持力度,关心流动老人的情感需求,并支持其继续学习,帮助流动老人融入社会。

Based on the survey data of727elderly migrants in Wuhan and Shenzhen,this paper uses empirical analysis method to analyze the influence of social support on the social integration of elderly migrants.The results show that the main social support subjects of elderly migrants are government,community and family.Social integration has three factors,including social adaptation,psychological integration,and behavioral integration.The empirical research shows that social support,excluding family financial support,has a significant positive effect on social integration.Family emotional support has the biggest significant impact on social integration,followed by community service support for the elderly and medical service support,and then are welfare provided by local government and timely checkout of off-site medical treatment.Basedon these conclusions,this paper makes suggestions from three levels,including government,community and family.Firstly,government should put efforts to increase welfare for the elderly migrants,and promote timely checkout of off-site medical treatment to make elderly migrants’medical treatment convenient.Secondly,community should focus on the improvement on the system of elderly service,which integrates health and care.Thirdly,the family members should increase emotional support,and help the elderly migrants study continually to integrate the society.