市场转型、劳动力市场多重分割与职业地位获得

Market Transformation,Multiple Segmentation of the Labor Market and Attainment of Occupational Status

本文从劳动力市场多重分割视角出发,将部门因素、行业因素和职业因素统合起来,作为表示个体职业地位的综合测量指标。并利用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2010年数据对改革以来城市居民的职业地位获得的影响路径进行分析。研究发现:(1)无论是整个时期还是改革的三个阶段,家庭背景最主要由父亲受教育水平和父亲所在部门来决定;(2)随着改革的深入,家庭背景对子代教育的直接效应在增强;(3)总体上子代教育对子代初职地位和现职地位都有显著影响,且伴随改革的深化其影响在增大;(4)无论在哪个时期,子代初职地位对子代现职地位的直接效应都十分显著,这表明中国城镇居民的代内不流动现象十分普遍。这说明伴随改革深入,家庭背景通过教育进行隐性传递的趋势日趋明显,教育不平等问题需引起重点关注。

In the economic and social situation,in which the labor productivity is greatly increased and the difference between urban and rural areas is significant,the contemporary peasants have to face a choice in the allocation of human resources:transfer.In this paper,under the framework of food security,the choice of individual transfer mode of rural labor force is studied.The basic theory of the study is the theory of increment of labor value.The main object of the study is the individual in rural labor force.The main method of research is comparative advantage analysis.Assuming the choice of transfer mode,the labor force always plays the role of"rational person"and makes rational decision-making in favor of the allocation of factors of production.The theoretical analysis shows that the labor force is moving toward the positive increment of labor value in the short-term transfer or the long-term transfer by human capital profit-seeking,and then explores the best transfer mode of the rural labor force as“turn to change jobs,do not leave the soil”.