工业遗产视野下的京张铁路

Study on Industrial Heritage of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway

京张铁路是中国近代第一条自筹资金、完全由中国人设计并施工完成的干线铁路,是西方铁路技术移植中国的典型案例,在中国铁路工程史中具有重要意义。除个别路段稍有变化外,京张铁路目前基本保持了初建时的路线。在修建过程中,路线测量和勘定技术有所创新,部分传统技术也得到了运用和创新,并且,首次引进了自动挂钩,建造了鲜明特色的车站站房。目前,京张铁路仍在使用中,大部分路线和站房保存完好。作为一种典型的工业遗产,京张铁路的核心价值在于其所承载的技术价值,因此,有必要对京张铁路的代表性路段和特色站房,以及记录铁路修建的文献资料进行保护。

Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway is the first trunk line carried out all by Chinese from financing,designto construction in modern China.This domestic trunk railway is the typical case of western railway technologytransplantation into China.Therefore,it has significant meaning in railroad engineering.Up to now,initialconstructions were maintained in general,except for individual sections.Traditional technology has been appliedand innovated in railway construction.There were a lot of technological innovations in the process of construction,such as route measurements and assignments.In addition,Janney coupler was introduced in this railway for thefirst time.Moreover,the station rooms were built with distinctive features.In present,Beijing-Zhangjiakou railwayis still in use,and most of the routes and station rooms are well preserved.The technical value of Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway is the core value as industrial heritage.It is very necessary to protect the representativesections,feature stations and document literature of the railway construction recording.