船载振动胁迫对斑石鲷影响实验研究

Experimental study on effects of ship vibration stress on Oplegnathus punctatus

为了探索鱼类在船载振动条件下的应激响应和适应性,为深远海大型养殖平台养殖工艺设计与模式构建提供基础数据和理论依据,利用机械振动台模拟船载工况,研究不同振动频率和时间条件下斑石鲷(Oplegnathus punctatus)的血液和生化指标变化情况。结果表明:振动时间5 min,10 Hz组和50 Hz组的斑石鲷各方面指标均与对照组无显著性差异,30 Hz组的血清葡萄糖显著降低,皮质醇和肾上腺素指标显著升高,肌糖原和肝糖原无显著差异;振动时间60 min,各实验组斑石鲷的血清葡萄糖指标均显著降低,皮质醇和肾上腺素指标显著升高,但对肌糖原和肝糖原指标无显著影响;水质变化情况显示,振动60 min后水体内溶氧浓度和氨氮浓度指标有所上升,水温、盐度、p H等无明显变化。研究表明,低频振动对鱼类的影响主要是通过产生水流变化进而被侧线器官感受到,引起斑石鲷脑神经兴奋,产生应激。短时振动对斑石鲷不会造成较大影响,而长时间振动会引起斑石鲷一定程度的应激反应。

In order to deeply understand the stress response and plasticity of sea fish under ship-vibration condition,and supply the basic data and theoretical basis for breeding process design and mode construction of large breeding platform on the deep sea,changes in blood and biochemical indexes of Oplegnathus punctatus under different vibration frequency and time conditions are studied by using a mechanical vibrator to simulate the ship conditions.The results show that after vibration for5min,there is no significant difference between10Hz group,50Hz group and the control group in all of the indexes,but for30Hz group,serum glucose is significantly decreased,cortisol and epinephrine are significantly increased,and muscle glycogen and hepatic glycogen show no significant difference;after vibration for60min,serum glucose of all groups is significantly decreased,cortisol and epinephrine are significantly increased,and muscle glycogen and hepatic glycogen show no significant difference;for water quality change,after vibration for60min,the dissolved oxygen concentration and ammonia concentration are slightly increased,and water temperature,salinity and pH show no significant change.According to the results,effects of low frequency vibration on fish mainly act on lateral line organ by causing changes in water flow,thus stimulating the brain of Oplegnathus punctatus and producing stress.Short time vibration would not have any great effect on Oplegnathus punctatus,however,long time vibration would cause stress response of Oplegnathus punctatus to some extent.