龙山时代的中原和北方--文明化进程比较

The Central Plains and the North China in Longshan Period: Comparison of the Process of Civilization

龙山时代的中原文化和北方文化都源于仰韶文化,同属广义的中原龙山文化范畴,都在公元前3千纪后半叶先后迈入初级文明社会。但它们同源而异化,分别形成社会发展和文明起源的"中原模式"和"北方模式";同根而相煎,终至龙山后期北方文化南下,对中原造成很大影响。中原和北方的南北互动和起伏盛衰,深层原因当在于自然环境及其演变背景。

The archaeological cultures in the Central Plains and the North China in Longshan period are both descended from Yangshao Culture,belong to the“Central Plains Longshan Culture”in a broad sense.These two areas entered the primary civilization in the second half of the three millennium BC successively.Although these two areas had the same cultural origin,many differences appeared later,formed the different patterns of civilization:“Central Plains Patter”and“North China Pattern”.Not only that,people of these two areas struggled with each other often,finally the northern people expanded to the south and made significant impact on the Central Plains in the later stage of Longshan period.The reason for the rise or decline of the cultures in these two areas might be relating to the natural environment and its evolution.