休闲与成功老龄化——基于北京市X社区城市老年人的调查研究

Leisure and Successful Ageing of the Urban Elderly: Findings from X Community in Beijing and Implications for Geriatric Social Work in China

休闲是个体实现社会化的重要机制,也是应对老龄化社会的有效路径。基于对北京市X社区老年人休闲的抽样调查,文章探讨城市老年人休闲的时间结构、内容结构和认知结构,以及老年人休闲与其成功老龄化的关系。研究发现,现阶段的老年人休闲生活处于自生状态,老年人普遍有着较为充沛的闲暇时间,且不同性别、不同年龄群的老年人在休闲时间上表现出显著差异;与此同时,现行老年人的休闲生活也暴露出时间利用率低、活动内容单一等问题。老年人闲暇生活的时间与其成功老龄化并未显现出显著关系,而老年人对闲暇生活的评价则与其成功老龄化显著相关。在老龄化已成为一种社会常态的中国,这些研究发现为积极应对老龄化和本土老年社会工作的发展提供了新思路。

Leisure,an important mechanism for an individual to realize his/her socialization,is also an effective method to respond to the ageing society.Based on a sample survey of X community in Beijing,the purpose of this study is to examine the urban elderly’s leisure from the structures of time,content and cognition,and its relations with successful ageing.The findings show that the urban elderly’s casual living is still in a spontaneous state,and they generally have sufficient spare time.To be more specific,leisure time varies according to the difference in gender and age groups.Meanwhile,urban elderly’s casual living at cuurent stage has the tendency of low utilization of spare time and monotonous activities.The time that urban elderly allocate to leisure life doesn’t show significant relatiosnhip with their successful ageing,but their evaluation of casual life is closely related to their successful ageing.As ageing is becoming a social norm in China,this study offers new thinking for actively responding to ageing and the development of lcoal geriatric social work.illuminates the needs for developing policy and social work programs to support older adults’leisure activities.