野生红茵茶的生化品质

Biochemical Characteristics of Wild Hongyin Tea

以产于凤凰山脉高海拔地区的纯野生红茵茶成茶为材料,通过比色法、SDE-GC/MS、抗菌及抗氧化实验测定茶叶的化学成分与生理活性.结果表明:按乌龙茶半发酵工艺制作的成茶中,咖啡碱(49.81 mg/g)、茶多酚(356.84 mg/g)、蛋白质(7.85 mg/g)、花色素苷(120.32 nmol/mg)及水浸出物(44.74%)显著高于对照样,可溶性糖(38.74 mg/g)、灰分(4.04%)含量较低;醛类(30.24%)、醇类(28.40%)、酮类(24.77%)是野生红茵挥发物的主要类型,其中含有凤凰单丛茶的典型香型物质芳樟醇(11.05%)与橙花醇(1.14%)等;茶汤的抗菌(金色葡萄球菌)抗氧化(·DPPH和ROS)活性显著优于普通凤凰单丛.基于良好的生态适应性、繁殖能力、生化品质及种质资源保护的需要,野生红茵具有实现人工栽培与茶树新品种选育的潜力.

Wild Hongyin tea was selected as research object from high altitude area of the Fenghuang Mount.Their chemical composition and biological activity were analyzed,which could help us to understand the biochemical characteristics and development potential of wild Hongyin tea by colorimetry,SDE-GC/MS,antibacterial and antioxidant methods.The results showed that(1)caffeine(49.81mg/g),tea polyphenol(356.84mg/g),protein(7.85mg/g),anthocyanin(120.32nmol/mg)contents and water extract(44.74%)were significantly higher,and soluble sugar(38.74mg/g)and ash(4.04%)contents were relatively lower than those of several Fenghuang Dancong;(2)Aldehyde(30.24%),alcohol(28.39%)and ketone(24.77%)were the main types of volatiles in Hongyin tea,which contained linalool(11.05%)and nerol(1.14%)that were considered typical aromatic ncompounds in Fenghuang Dancong;(3)the activities of antibacterial(Staphylococcus aureus)and antioxidation(·DPPH and ROS)were significantly better than those of Fenghuang Dancong teas.It has a great potential for realizing artificial cultivation and new variety breeding because of the good ecological adaptability,reproductive capacity,biochemical quality and necessity of population protection of wild Hongyin.