杜威兴趣教育思想及其启示

Dewey's Interest Education Thought and Its Enlightenment

兴趣是学生学习发展过程中的源动力,也是我们教育目的的本质要求。在素质教育大背景下,培养学生的求知兴趣不仅能够增加学生学习的持久力,也是每位教师教学过程中所应追求的目标之一。杜威认为兴趣这个名词包含三种意义,一是活动发展的全部状态;二是预见和希望得到的客观结果;三是个人的情感倾向。学生的学习的兴趣与训练,并不是完全对立的,而是密不可分的两部分。通过探讨杜威兴趣教育思想中关于"兴趣与训练相统一"的主张,汲取营养,在教学实际中,改变单向的师生关系,以儿童为中心,注重师生互动;通过积极有效的合理训练,变革传统的教学方式,营造教学兴趣情境,激发学生对学习的兴趣,使之成为能够掌握训练真髓的人,为培养学生的完善品格、促进智力的发展,塑造完整的人提供指导。

Interest is not only the source of motivation for students'learning and development,but also the essential requirementof our educational purposes.Under the background of quality-oriented education,cultivating students'interest in knowledgecan not only increase the persistence of students'learning,butalso acts as one of the goals that every teacher should pursue.Dewey believes that the term interest contains three meanings:the first is the whole state of the development of activities;thesecond is the objective results expected;the third is the individual'semotional tendencies.Students'interest in learning and itstraining are not entirely antagonistic,but inseparable two parts.By discussing the idea of"interest and training in unity"inDewey's interest education thought,we can change the one-wayteacher-student relationship,take children as the center,and payattention to the interaction between teachers and students inteaching practice.Through positive and effective rational training,we can change the traditional way of teaching,create an interest-oriented teaching situation,and stimulate students'interest inlearning,so that students can master the essence of training,which provides guidance for cultivating the perfect characters ofstudents,promoting the development of intelligence,and creating complete persons.