龙须菜与缢蛏单养或混养对对虾集约化养殖尾水净化的效果

Purification effect on the treatment efficiency of Asparagus schoberioides Kunth and Sinonovacula constricta Lamarck in monoculture or polyculture on the intensive marine shrimp culture tail-water

为了降低对虾集约化养殖尾水的富营养化程度以及对水域环境的影响,采用龙须菜和缢蛏单养和混养方式来研究对海水养殖尾水中营养物质的去除效率及处理过程中的浮游植物群落动态变化.结果表明,应用大型藻类龙须菜以及龙须菜和滤食性贝类缢蛏混养处理海水对虾养殖尾水均能取得明显效果,其中龙须菜和缢蛏混养24 h对水体中氨氮、硝态氮、亚硝态氮、磷酸盐、总氮和总磷的去除率可分别达到76.92%、77.97%、77.88%、80.00%、71.67%和71.95%.缢蛏对水体浮游植物和总磷也有明显的去除效果,但在实验时间内未能观察到对其他营养盐含量的明显去除效果;且实验期间浮游植物种类没有发生显著变化,但进行过程中混养组浮游植物丰度不断增大.

In order to reduce eutrophication in the wastewater of intensive marine shrimp aquaculture ponds andits impact on the surrounding waters,an experiment was conducted using monoculutue or polyculture withAsparagus schoberioides Kunth and Sinonova culaconstricta Lamarck to treat the wastewater.The dynamics ofphytoplankton communities in the wastewater treatment ecosystems were also investigated.The results showedAsparagus schoberioides Kunth and the combination of Asparagus schoberioides Kunth and Sinonovaculaconstricta Lamarck achieved effective purification of the effluent under the experimental conditions.Thecombination of Asparagus schoberioides Kunth and Sinonovacula constricta Lamarck produced76.92%,77.97%,77.88%,80.00%,71.67%and71.95%more purification with ammonia,nitrate,nitrite,phosphate,totalnitrogen and total phosphorus respectively,compared with Asparagus schoberioides Kunth.Sinonovaculaconstricta Lamarck had a significant difference in removal rate on phytoplankton and total phosphorus,but didnot produce a significant difference in removal effect of other nutrient contents in the experiment time.Phytoplankton species were not significantly different in diversity,but increased in abundance especially withthe combination of Asparagus schoberioides Kunth and Sinonovacula constricta Lamarck.