东莞市无偿献血者血液检测结果分析

Analysis of blood test results in voluntary blood donor of Dongguan city

目的探讨东莞市无偿献血者血液检测情况,为当前本市无偿献血招募的新模式提供参考。方法对226811例无偿献血者的血液样本检测结果进行回顾性分析,包括丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBs Ag)、丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV)、梅毒螺旋体抗体(抗-TP)、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体(抗-HIV)、核酸检测(NAT),观察血液检测结果 ,统计血液检测淘汰率,以及其与献血者文化水平、职业、年龄的关系。结果所有血液样本检测结果显示,2014~2016年血液检测总淘汰样本数为4957份,淘汰率为2.19%,淘汰率呈逐年下降趋势,其中抗-TP淘汰率下降较明显,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),ALT检测淘汰率最高,为0.84%。对所有无偿献血者职业进行统计分析,其中学生血液检测淘汰率最低(1.14%),其次为医务人员(1.26%)、现役军人(1.83%)以及公务员(1.94%)。统计所有无偿献血者职业可得,初中学历献血人数最多(72233例),其中研究生血液检测淘汰率最低(1.43%),其次为本科(1.44%)与专科(1.81%),血液检测淘汰率随学历的提高而降低。统计所有无偿献血者年龄可得,26~35岁年龄段献血者最多(83028例),18~25岁年龄段血液检测淘汰率最低(1.62%),其次为>55岁年龄段(1.90%)。结论做好采前检测工作,应对不同的人群制定科学的招募模式,从自愿无偿献血的低危人群中采集血液是确保输血安全的重要措施。

Objective To explore blood test situation in voluntary blood donor of Dongguan city,toprovide preference for new model of voluntary blood donor recruitment.Methods Retrospectively analysis wasmade on blood sample test results of226811voluntary blood donors,including alanine aminotransferase(ALT),hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),antibody to hepatitis C virus(anti-HCV),anti-treponema pallidum(anti-TP)antibody,anti-human immunodeficiency virus(anti-HIV)and nucleic acid test(NAT).Blood test resultswas observed to collect blood test elimination rate and its correlation with educational level,occupation and ageof blood donor.Results All blood sample test results showed that total elimination sample number was4957sample of2014~2016,with elimination rate as2.19%.The elimination rate was declining every year,and anti-TP elimination rate declined more obviously.The difference had statistical significance(P<0.05),and ALTelimination rate was the highest as0.84%.Collecting occupations of voluntary blood donors for statistical analysis,and it showed that the students had lowest blood test elimination rate(1.14%),followed by medical staff(1.26%),enlisted man(1.83%)and civil servant(1.94%).Collection of educational level of voluntary blood donor showedthat junior high school degree people had the largest number of blood donation(72233cases),with lowest bloodtest elimination rate in graduate student(1.43%),followed by bachelor degree students(1.44%)and junior collegestudents(1.81%).The blood test elimination rate decreased with the higher educational level.Collection of ageof voluntary blood donor showed that26~35years old age group had the largest number of blood donation(83028cases),18~25years old age group had the lowest blood test elimination rate(1.62%),followed by>55years oldage group(1.90%).Conclusion Test work before blood collection should be well done,and scientific model ofrecruitment should be made for disparate groups.Blood collection from low risk voluntary unpaid blood donor is animportant measure to ensure the safety of blood transfusion.