现代汉语指人名词语言歧视的标记性探析

The Markedness Research of Language Discrimination in Modern Chinese Personal Nouns

语言歧视是语言生活中不可忽视的语言现象,其中指人名词语言歧视表达了对某一类人的偏见与歧视。运用标记理论对现代汉语中具有歧视意义的指人名词进行系统分析时发现,指人名词的歧视性语言现象主要表现为不对称标记性、跨域隐喻标记性、文化标记性三个方面,人们对这些名词的使用呈现出"原则控制"而非"规则支配"的特点。人们应该理性地控制歧视词汇的使用,构建和谐的语言生态。

Language discrimination cannot be neglected.The discriminatory personal nouns express the prejudice and discrimination to a certain kind of people.By analyzing the personal nouns which contain dis-crimination in modern Chinese with the markedness theory,we found that the discrimination of personal nouns is embodied in three aspects:asymmetric markedness,cross-domain metaphor markedness and cultural markedness.The usuage of these nouns is“principle-controlled”instead of“rule-governed”.People should control the use of discrimination vocabulary rationally to construct a harmonious language ecology.