现代农业沟渠生态化设计关键技术及其应用

Key technology design of ecological ditch and its application in modern agriculture

以四川省芦山县生态沟渠工程建设项目为例,综合考虑渠道生产、生活、生态、景观等功能,从渠道的断面形式、衬砌方式、护坡样式、水生植物、生态景观化等方面进行研究,设计了一种新型的生态化精细灌排沟渠,介绍了构建该沟渠的设计原则和关键技术。对构建的生态化沟渠的综合效果评价结果表明:生态化沟渠处理方案的最终得分为84.65,等级属于良,优于普通沟渠处理方案(最终得分为77.90,等级属于中);虽然沟渠生态化处理工程在经济性及操作管理方面与普通沟渠处理方案没有显著差异,但在处理效果和废水回收利用方面表现出了一定的优势,如沟渠生态化设计对污染物的去除效果好,出水回收利用率及达标率较高。说明沟渠生态化工程设计具有良好的生态性、经济性和可持续性。

Ditch is one of the most important elements in modern agriculture,which has a great impact on agricultural production and ecological environment.Traditional ditches mainly focus on convenient traffic,economic and engineering cost,irrigation and drainage,but neglect the environment ecosystem.In order to coordinate the relationship of ecology,economy and sustainability,and realize the win-win situation of water conservancy function and ecological function,proposing a new ecological detailed ditch is of great importance.Based on the research materials and experimental results in domestic and overseas,an ecological canal project was constructed in Lushan County of Sichuan Province with combination of the section form,lining method,slope protection style,aquatic plant,ecological landscape,etc.