“文章草昧开初祖,天地崎岖老寓公”——沈光文台湾文学史地位再思考

“The Article Opened Ancestor, Rugged Old World Sojourners”:Shen Guang-wen Reflections on the status of Taiwan Literature

20世纪以来沈光文渐成海峡两岸学者研究的热点人物,并且被塑造成台湾文学的始祖。然而以今见沈光文作品而论,《台湾赋》有一定的启蒙价值,而诗歌多是乡愁与穷困生活的反映,艺术水平与同时期其他诗人相较尚且稍显逊色。至于作品中反映的遗民气节更是值得商榷。另外,沈光文的作品虽然具有一定的史料价值,但是并不突出。何况在他记载台湾之前,早有陈第的《东番记》,以及其他文人的记载,尤其是新近发现的季麒光的作品,史料价值更高。而备受后人推崇的东吟诗社,辩证当时的史料,以及考虑到沈光文的处境,创建者的冠冕应该戴在季麒光的头上,沈光文更多地是诗社精神象征。沈光文身后寂寞,直到清末,出于政治的需要,沈光文才重新回到人们的视野中。因此,沈光文是台湾文学初期一个重要人物,但是"初祖"的桂冠未免太大。

Since the twentieth century,Shen Guangwen has become a hot figure in the study of scholars on both sides of the strait,and has been portrayed as the ancestor of Taiwan literature.However,in the view of Shen Guangwen's works,"Taiwan Fu"has a certain value of enlightenment,but poetry is mostly rural and rural life reflects the level of art and other poets compared with the same period lower.As for the works reflected in the admirers is more questionable.In addition,Shen Guangwen's works have a certain historical value,but not prominent.Moreover,before he recorded Taiwan,Chen's"Dong Fan Ji",as well as other writers of the record,especially the newly discovered Ji Qi light works,the historical value is higher.And respected by the descendants of the Dong Yin poetry,dialectical historical materials,and taking into account the situation of Shen Guangwen,the founder of the crown should be worn on the head of Ji Qiguang,and Shen Guangwen is more poetry symbol of the spirit.Shen Guangwen was behind lonely,until the end of the Qing Dynasty,out of political needs,Shen Guangwen only returned to people's vision.Therefore,Shen Guangwen was an important figure in the early days of Taiwan literature,but the"ancestor"crown was too big.