Beagle犬下颌重度牙槽嵴萎缩动物模型的建立

Construction of the animal model of mandibular severe alveolar bone atrophy in Beagle dogs

目的建立一种与临床相符的下颌重度牙槽嵴萎缩的动物模型。方法以Beagle犬为实验动物,拔除其双侧下颌第四前磨牙和第一磨牙,在距下颌第三前磨牙及下颌第二磨牙釉牙骨质界8 mm处的牙槽嵴上水平磨一凹线,咬骨钳去除该线上方的牙槽骨,用骨凿将去骨区域修平,形成25 mm×8 mm大小的箱状缺损洞形,置入无菌硅胶假体,严密缝合后,待其自然愈合。术后8周行锥形束CT检查。结果骨改建8周后术区牙槽嵴顶呈圆弧形,嵴顶最低点至下牙槽神经管的距离平均2.5 mm。结论本研究成功构建了Beagle犬下颌重度牙槽嵴萎缩动物模型,为进行垂直骨增量相关实验奠定了实验基础。

Objective To establish an animal model that clinically conforms to the characteristics of severe alveolar ridge atrophy.Method Beagle dogs were used as experimental subjects.Bilateral fourth premolars and first molars in mandible were extracted.A horizontal groove was made on alveolar ridge which was8mm from the cemento-enamal junction of mandible third premolar and second molar.Rongeur was used to remove the alveolar bone above this groove and bone chisel was used to level the bone?free area.A box?shaped defect cavity of the size25mm×8mm was formed with sterile silicone prosthesis implanted.After careful suture we waited for the subjects to heal naturally.Eight weeks after operation,CBCT examination was performed.Results Eight weeks after bone remodeling the top of alveolar ridge of operation area appeared to be a circular arc.The average distance from the bottom of the ridge to inferior alveolar nerve canal was2.5mm.Conclusion This study successfully established the Beagle dog animal model for severe alveolar ridge atrophy and laid the foundation for experiments on vertical bone augmentation.