磁性聚合物微球的制备及其应用研究进展

Progress in preparation and application of magnetic polymer microspheres

磁性聚合物微球是由磁性粒子和聚合物复合而成。本文在概述磁性聚合物微球的结构类型基础上,选择性地介绍了单体聚合法、原位生成法、组合法等制备方法的特点及其优缺点;综述了其在生物医药、工业催化、电磁波吸收与屏蔽领域的最新研究及应用进展;总结了该类复合材料在生物医药研究领域中存在的问题,并对其未来发展方向作出了展望。即研究开发先进的制备方法,通过对磁性粒子的表面改性和聚合物表面基团的设计,提高其生物相容性及其与病患细胞作用的专一性;研究药物与载体之间的界面作用及其机制,实现高磁靶向性、高药物利用率和药物在靶区的可控缓释性;研究药物载体在输送过程中的变化、人体环境对其药物输送的影响以及与病患细胞的作用机制。

Magnetic polymer microspheres are composed of magnetic particles and polymer.They have received considerable attentions due to their particular structure and superior properties,and have obtained extensive applications in the medicine carrier,biological engineering,industrial catalysis and many other fields.In this paper,the structure types and preparation methods of magnetic polymer microspheres are summarized,of which the advantages and disadvantages are also discussed.And their applications,such as biological medicine,industrial catalysis as well as electromagnetic wave absorption and shielding,and the latest progresses in recent years have been reviewed.Furthermore,the current problems and future development prospects of the magnetic polymer microspheres in biomedical research have been also summarized and outlooked,including:①developing advanced preparation methods;②improving its biocompatibility and specificity to the patient cells through the surface modification of magnetic particles and design of polymer groups;③achieving high magnetic targeting property,high drug utilization and controllable slow-releasing potential of drugs in the target area by studying on interface interaction and mechanism between drug and carrier;④studying the change of drug carrier in the process of conveying and the influence of human environment on the drug delivery as well as the action mechanism of the patient cells.