以“推拉”理论为基础的太行山区传统村落微更新式保护策略

THE MICRO-UPGRADE STRATEGIES OF THE TRADITIONAL VILLAGES IN THE TAIHANG MOUNTAINS BASED ON “PUSH AND PULL” THEORY

新型城镇化的发展与传统文化村落的保护是辩证统一的关系。一方面随着城镇化的进程,在"推拉"理论的作用下,农村人口正在快速地向城市集中,原先的传统村落变成了空心型传统村落,[1]就发展主体来讲是在退化的。另一方面,在城镇化的建设中,切实保护传统村落的文化遗产和风貌,打造文化品牌与特色,也是形成就地城镇化的主要途径之一。[2]当然,传统村落就地城镇化需要满足很多具体要求,不具备条件的传统村落可以发展成为具有历史文化特色的美丽乡村。之前学术界有过很多新型城镇化和传统村落的保护方面的研究,但是没有针对空心型传统村落微更新式保护研究。"空心"古村落的保护不能只依靠政府的扶持,而是应该辅以微更新的方式使其变得更适合人居和发展,真正意义上使村落不再"空心",使传统文化再现繁荣。

The relationship between the development of new urbanization and the protection of the traditional villages is the dialectical unification.On the one hand,under the influence of“push and pull”theory,with the process of urbanization,more and more people rush into cities from villages,so traditional villages become hollow traditional villages,which have degenerated in terms of subject of development.On the other hand,in the construction of urbanization,the heritage and culture of the ancient villages are effectively protected,and the cultural brands and characteristics of the villages are formed,which are regarded as one of the major approaches of local urbanization.There are many specific requirements for local urbanization of the traditional villages.Those villages which are not qualified for urbanization,can develop into beautiful villages with historical culture characteristics.There are many previous studies on new urbanization and the protection of ancient villages,but there is no research on micro-upgrade protection for the hollow-type traditional villages.The protection and development of the hollow villages should not only rely on government support,but also should be supplemented by micro-update ways to make it more suitable for living and working.in this way,the villages will become not longer hollow,and the traditional culture will be developed.