当代中国极小住宅设计手法研究

A STUDY ON THE DESIGN METHODS OF THE MINIMUM DWELLING IN CONTEMPORARY CHINA

极小住宅的出现有效缓解了城市土地紧缺与城市人口增长带来的社会居住问题,并满足了人们对居住多样化的需求。建筑师希望从人的居住尺度入手,采取不同的设计方式来满足极小住宅的实用性、舒适性与经济性之间的平衡。生活水平的提高和智能科技的进步,使人们的居住需求越来越多元化,掌握了现代人的生活方式、多样化需求以及新兴科技的使用方法,也就能从中窥探出极小住宅设计的整体特性。相比传统住宅,极小住宅呈现出"小中求精""小中求大""小中求变""小中求全""小中求趣"五大优点,从这五大优点中又能够提炼出极小住宅的三种主要设计策略——缩小策略、复合策略、变化策略。

The emergence of minimum dwellings effectively alleviates the social housing problems caused by the shortage of urban land and the urban population growth,and satisfies people's diversified needs in residence.The architects have been working with different design approaches for minimum dwellings,hoping to start from the living scale to realize balance between utility,comfort and economical efficiency of such dwellings.The improvement of the living standards and the progress in smart technology have catalyzed more diverse dwelling needs than ever before.A grasp of life style,various demands and emerging technology used by modern people can shed light on overall characteristics of minimum dwelling design.Compared to traditional residence,minimum dwelling manifests five merits of space,space refinement,space fuzzification,space variability,space multi-functionalism,and space delightfulness.From these five merits,three dominant design strategies for minimum dwelling design can be derived:the strategies of narrowing,compounding,and changing.