高校知识溢出对我国高技术产业创新的影响研究-基于省级区域的空间计量分析

Study on university knowledge spillover effects on regional innovation in high-tech industries:Based on the spatial econometric analysis in China

基于2002年~2011年中国30个省域(直辖市、自治区)的面板数据,以高技术产业为研究对象,应用空间计量模型扩展知识生产函数,选用地理邻接和反地理距离空间权重矩阵,从投入和产出两方面估计高校知识溢出对区域创新的影响。结果表明:高校的知识产出和研发人员投入均对区域创新有显著促进作用;企业规模、市场开放程度和政府支持力度也与区域创新呈显著正相关;地理距离较近地区间的创新存在显著负向溢出效应。因而,应重视高校在区域创新发展中的作用,正确引导创新在省域间的流向。

Innovation has an influence on economic growth,regional developmentand global trade.Meanwhile,innovation development has risen to the nationalstrategic level.Innovation lies in the talent.As the base of personneltraining and the source of knowledge spillovers,university often be regardedas playing an important role in the development of regional innovation.In academics,the relationship between university and regional innovation hasbeen in the spotlight.Theoretically,university effects on regional innovationmainly through talent cultivation,publishing journals and books,promotingpatents and holding some traditional academic activities.However,whetheruniversity can really increase the innovation level still needs a lot of empirical studies.In fact,there is no consistent conclusion on the effect ofuniversity on regional innovation,and most empirical papers have not takenthe different spatial interactions of regional innovation and its factors intoconsideration.As the most innovative industry,this paper chooses thehigh-tech industry as the research object.Based on the data set of Chineseprovinces(super-city-region and autonomous regions)from2002-2011,this paperuses the spatial econometrics to extent the classical knowledge production,and investigates the effects of university on regional innovation underthe three different spatial weight matrixes,such as the geography proximityand metric spaces.The results are:the significant positive effects of university’sknowledge products and R&D personnel inputs on the regional innovationare robust;the firm scale,market openness and local government supportcapacities are positively related to the innovation;when we use the metricspace weight matrixes,the spillovers of regional innovation to the nearer regionsare significant negative.Finally,the suggestions are proposed to putmore emphases on the role of university during the innovative process,and accuratelyintroduce the innovation flowing across provinces.