乌鲁木齐市制造业时空格局演化

Spatial and temporal pattern evolution of manufacturing in Urumqi

基于2004年、2008年和2013年三次经济普查数据,采用基尼系数、热点分析法、核密度分析法等对乌鲁木齐市三年制造业企业的集聚程度、分布特征和演变过程进行了系统研究,并探讨了乌鲁木齐市制造业空间格局演变的动力机制,得出以下主要结论:(1)2004年~2013年,乌鲁木齐市制造业企业集聚程度逐渐加强,各产业类型的集聚程度表现为:高新技术产业>机械设备产业>基础型产业>都市型产业;(2)乌鲁木齐市制造业企业区位逐渐从中心城区向距离市中心较远的东北和西北方向扩散,中心集聚程度逐渐减弱,分布范围不断扩大。在中心集聚的基础上逐渐形成了城市郊区次中心,多核心制造业空间结构模式逐渐形成;(3)2004年~2013年,都市型产业以向心集聚为主,并带有向外扩散的趋势;高新技术产业多年来主要集中于中心城区,区位变化并不明显;机械设备产业和基础型产业的区位变化明显,从中心城区逐渐向近郊区和远郊区扩散和迁移,是制造业空间格局形成和演变的主要行业动力;(4)乌鲁木齐市制造业企业的空间格局演化是市场经济与政府调控共同作用的结果。

This paper studies the space-time evolution of geographic agglomerationof Urumqi’s manufacturing,based on the economic census data of2004,2008and2013,and using the locational Gini coefficient,hot spot analysis,Kernel density analysis and exploratory spatial data analysis.Resultsshow:From2004to2013,the overall agglomeration degree in Urumqi’s manufacturingindustry significantly increases and the agglomeration degree showsthat new technology industry>machinery and equipment industry>basic industry>urban industry.The manufacturing industry enterprises of Urumqi spreadfrom central area to the direction of northeast and northwest,the degree ofconcentration of the center gradually weakened,the scope of agglomerationconstantly expanded.The spatial structure mode is gradually changing from thesingle-core model to multi-core model.From2004to2013,the scope of urbanindustrial distribution has been expanded,and it tends to outward diffusion;the new technology industry always concentrated in center area,locationchange is not obvious;the machinery and equipment industry and basic industryhave obvious location change,they spread and transferred from center area tosuburban district and the outer suburbs,they are the main driving force forthe formation and evolution of the spatial pattern of manufacturing industry.The spatial and temporal pattern evolution of manufacturing industry in Urumqiis the result of the common function of market and government.