小麦秸秆漂浮育苗基质对烟苗生长的影响

Study on Wheat Straw Substituted Medium in the Float Seedling System of Tobacco

为了实现烤烟漂浮育苗基质的可持续利用,以100%商品草炭基质为对照,采用不同比例腐熟小麦秸秆、蛭石和珍珠岩为原料进行了烤烟漂浮育苗基质配制技术研究。结果表明,75%小麦秸秆+12.5%珍珠岩+12.5%蛭石和70%小麦秸秆+15%珍珠岩+15%蛭石两种配比配制的育苗基质容重分别为0.194和0.184 g/cm3,总孔隙度高于70%,符合烟草漂浮育苗基质标准,出苗率分别为95.23%、95.87%,生长势好;所育成苗干质量、鲜质量、一二级侧根数、茎高、茎粗极显著高于其他处理;叶绿素含量、根系活力比商品基质分别高10.61%、7.82%和68.75%、54.86%,达到了常规育苗的要求。因此,利用腐熟的小麦秸秆替代草炭是可行的,且成本较低。

The purpose of this study was sustainable utilization of tobacco floating seedling substrates.Decayed wheat straw,perlite and vermiculite were applied in the medium of tobacco float seeding system with100%commercial peat as control.The results indicated that the bulk density of75%wheat straw+12.5%perlite+12.5%vermiculite and70%wheat straw+15%perlite+15%vermiculite were0.194g/cm3and0.184g/cm3.The total porosity of the two treatments was higher than70%which meets the tobacco floating seedling matrix standard.The seedling emergence rates were95.23%and95.87%,respective.Dry weight,fresh weight,root number,stem height and stem diameter were significantly higher than other treatments.The chlorophyll content and root activity of these two treatments were10.61%,7.82%and68.75%,54.86%higher than the commercial matrix.The medium of decayed wheat straw has reached the requirements of the conventional breeding.The conclusion is that substituting peat with decayed wheat straw was feasible,and the cost was lower.