非线性被动隔振的若干进展

SOME RECENT PROGRESSES IN NONLINEAR PASSIVE ISOLATIONS OF VIBRATIONS

工程中航空航天、船舶与海洋结构物及其上装备和精密仪器易受极端环境干扰和破坏,使得非线性隔振理论在近十年来迅猛发展;针对日益严峻的隔振和抗冲击等要求,工程师和科学家们已发展出各种不同的非线性隔振系统,包括主动、半主动、被动和复合隔振.利用非线性改善的被动隔振兼具传统被动隔振的鲁棒性和主动隔振的高效性成为振动控制领域的先进技术.本文主要综述了非线性隔振理论和应用的近十年进展,包括非线性隔振设计、建模、分析、仿真和实验.在隔振系统的构建中,既考虑了刚度非线性又考虑了阻尼非线性;动力学响应的研究中,既有确定性分析又有随机分析.首先提出了适用于非线性隔振系统改进的评价方式;其次综述了高静态低动态刚度隔振及其加强形式非线性阻尼加强和双层非线性隔振,混沌反控制技术、内共振影响、非线性能量阱应用等振动机制利用型隔振和非线性隔振功能材料.最后,对非线性隔振研究发展的热点和关键性问题进行了分析和展望.

Vibrations in aircraft and marine structures,due to various extreme environmental loads,have been attributing factors in accidents and failures.Over the last decade,as the demands for vibration and shock isolation performance increasing,the general approaches following the conventional categorization of passive,active,semi-active and hybrid has been extensive presented.Nonlinear passive vibration isolation is the state of the art of vibration control techniques for combining robustness of the passive device and high performance of the active devices.This paper surveys theoretical and practical advances in nonlinear passive isolation of vibration in recent ten years.Sti_ness and damping both nonlinearities is considered in modeling of vibration isolation system;Deterministic and stochastic analysis are both conducted on the investigation of the dynamic behavior.Initially,a review of a general approach to quantify the e_ectiveness of nonlinear vibrations isolation is presented.This is then followed by a review of high-static-low-dynamic sti_ness vibration isolation,damping nonlinearity vibration isolation,two-stage nonlinear vibration isolation and nonlinear vibration isolation materials.The other vibration isolation methods considered in this review include chaotic anti-control technology,influence of internal resonance and usage of nonlinear energy sink.The article is closed by conclusions,which highlight resolved and unresolved problems and recommendations for future research treads