八水、五渠、沟防、六爻——立体化的西安古城海绵系统

Eight Rivers,Five Canals,Moat and Walls,Six Ridges: Three-dimensional Sponge System for Ancient Xi'an City

文章首先介绍了在古代西安的四类主要海绵元素:八水(8条环绕城区的主要河流)、五渠(唐代开掘的5条重要水渠)、沟防(护城河与城墙,或御沟与坊墙)、六爻(6道高岗),然后结合考古和文字记载,阐释了这些海绵元素在古西安特定地理条件下所发挥出的补充地下水、调蓄雨水、净化雨洪、排除内涝等海绵功能,总结出其"立体化"的特点,提出它对当今海绵城市建设思路上的借鉴作用,以及西安保护与利用立体化海绵遗产的建议。

This article firstly introduces four main sponge elements of ancient Xi'an city:8rive「s(8main rivers around urban area),5canals(5important canals dug in Tang dynasty),moat(city moat and wall or palace river and square wall),6Yao(6high earth slopes).Then combined with archaeological and textual records,this paper explains how these sponge elements work in groundwater supplying,rainwater storing and regulating,rain flood cleaning,waterlogging eliminating under the special geographical conditions of ancient Xi'an city.At last the paper concludes the three-dimensional character of these sponge elements,presents their reference for today's sponge city construction,proposes protection as well as utilization for sponge methods heritage of Xi'an city.