褐环乳牛肝菌(Suillus luteus)的生物学特性研究

The Biological Characteristics Research of Suillus luteus

为探究一种常见的外生菌根菌——褐环乳牛肝菌(Suillus luteus)的生物学特性,为实现菌根菌剂产品的规模化生产奠定基础和提供便利,本研究拟采用平板培养法和生长速率法,重点讨论褐环乳牛肝菌在不同的碳源、氮源、温度和酸碱度培养条件下的生长情况。接种菌株后,每5d测量一次菌落直径,通过试验结束时的菌落直径定性判断筛选适宜该菌生长的培养条件,并用相关软件对菌株生长进行非线性拟合,得出菌株的生长回归方程,定量描述该菌株的生长情况。结果表明:褐环乳牛肝菌在不同的碳源、氮源、温度和酸碱度培养条件下均可以生长(甲硫氨酸除外),但生长速率均较慢。通过培养观察和非线性拟合结果显示,菌株对淀粉和麦芽糖的利用率最高,试验结束时,菌落直径分别为20mm和22mm,通过本试验也说明,褐环乳牛肝菌的生长还需要一定种类微量元素的辅助作用;氮源方面,菌株对蛋白胨的利用最佳,菌落直径达到40mm,不能利用甲硫氨酸;温度方面,温度过高和过低都会对褐环乳牛肝菌生长带来不利的影响,其适宜的温度为20℃;酸碱度方面,褐环乳牛肝菌生长需要适宜的酸碱度为pH=6,中性条件生长反而不佳。综合以上试验结果 ,褐环乳牛肝菌生长所需要的碳源相较于氮源种类要广,温度跨度较小,且需要一定的酸碱度。该结果可为开发提高植物生长势的植物根部保健剂提供基础数据。

The biological characteristics of a common ectomycorrhizal fungus-SuiU us/uteus(S.luteus)were studied,and therelated results could provide groundwork and convenience for achieving the mass production of mycorrhizal fungi inoculum.Inthis research,S.luteus in the culture conditions of different carbon sources,nitrogen sources,tem perature and pH was tested.After inoculated,colony diam eter was m easured every five days,thus,the culture conditions for bacterium growth were directlyselected through judgm ent of the colony diam eter,and then strain growth was fitted using related software nonlinear regression.The growth of strain regression equation was obtained and quantitative description of the strain growth situation was concludedaccordingly.The results indicated that S.luteus in different carbon sources,nitrogen sources,tem perature and pH conditionscould survive,but the growth rate was relatively slow.From cultivating observation and nonlinear fitting results,the utilizationrate of strain of starch and maltose were the highest,and colony diam eters were20mm and22mm respectively at the end ofthe experiment.Also,in our studies,the growth of strains needed some kinds of m icroelement and their assistance.For nitrogensource,peptone rather than methionine was better used,and the colony diam eter could reach to40mm.For the tem perature,toohigh or too low,had adverse im pact on S.luteus growth,with suitable tem perature around20℃.The stimulation of strain growthneeds certain pH,but poor growth was founded under neutral conditions.These results above suggested that S.luteus growthneed more range of carbon sources than nitrogen sources,small tem perature span,and certain pH values(pH=6).The results canprovide basic data to improve the root of the plant growth potertial for the developm ent of health care agent in the future.