基于居民空间利益分析的社区型景区提升策略——行为视角与鼓浪屿案例研究

Promotion Strategy for Community-Oriented Scenic Spots Based on Residents' Space Benefit Analysis:A Case Study of Gulangyu from Behavior Perspective

从社区型景区的特殊性出发,以鼓浪屿为例,基于行为视角进行居民空间利益分析。运用人口密度的声波叠加、衰减模型和社会调研等定量分析方法,从居民的活动空间分布、居民与旅游者的冲突空间分布以及居民的空间意象3个角度分析居民空间利益冲突、利益需求和利益协调。结果显示,社区型景区居民空间利益主要体现在居住活动空间、冲突空间和意象空间三方面,并依此提出居民视角的空间提升方案:将"居住空间内-高冲突-高意象"的区域划为优先提升区、"居住空间内-高冲突-低意象"和"居住空间内-低冲突-高意象"区域划为重点提升区、"居住空间内-低冲突-低意象"和"居住空间外-高意象"划为一般提升区。对比评估政府视角规划方案表明,基于政府视角的调控并未充分考虑居民视角的空间利益分布。建议在当前申请世界文化遗产背景下,政府应重视居民视角的利益分析和实施,对不同空间区域采取不同的提升措施;加强社区建设与人文延续;进一步合理控制游客容量,采取适当措施分散游客,提升社区型景区的宜居性。

In this paper,the residentsc space benefit in Gulang yu(a ty pical communityo riented scenic a rea in China)was analyzed from behavio r perspectiv e.A series of quantitativ e methods,including wave superposition,attenuation model and socialsur vey,were used to rev eal r esidentsc space benefit conflict,benefit demand and benefit coordination.Based on the results of acase study,several promotion str ategies and conclusions were pro posed:1)Designatingcinside the liv ing spacehigh conflicthig himagec areas as prior devel pment zones,cinside the living spacehigh conflict2low imagec andcinside the liv ing spacehig h imagelow conflictc areas as main development zones,cinside the living spacelow co nf lictlow imagec andcoutside the living spacehig himagec areas as common development zones.2)The existing development strategies and projects had not fully concerned the residentsc space benefits in Gulang yu.3)Under the circumstance of apply ing for thecWorld Cultural Heritage Sitecfor Gulangy u,this paper suggested that government should pay mo re attention to the objective analysis of residentsc space benefits,for example,improving the liv ability of community in Gulang yu,contro lling the suitable tourist capacity in community area.