采暖期大气超细颗粒物污染浓度特征研究

Pollution Concentrations of Ambient Ultrafine Particles During Heating Period

目的调查我国大气污染典型地区采暖期超细颗粒物(UFPs)的污染特征,为今后开展UFPs的健康效应研究提供实验依据。方法于2017年1月2-15日在天津市中心某交通路口采用WPS-1000XP型宽范围颗粒粒度仪监测UFPs的粒数浓度、表面积浓度和质量浓度;使用DUSTMATE型手持式环境粉尘检测仪同步监测PM_(2.5)和PM_1的质量浓度。结果监测点采暖期PM_(0.5)和UFPs粒数浓度最高可达33 484粒/cm^3和22 461粒/cm^3,平均水平分别为19 185粒/cm^3和13 184粒/cm^3;UFPs表面积浓度最高可达264.2μm^2/cm^3,平均水平为126.69μm^2/cm^3;UFPs质量浓度最高观测到3.2μg/m^3,平均水平为1.6μg/m^3;PM_(2.5)和PM_1最高质量浓度分别可达600.0μg/m^3和201.6μg/m^3,平均水平分别为96.94μg/m^3和45.33μg/m^3;相关性分析显示,在8:30这一时刻UFPs粒数浓度与PM_(2.5)质量浓度呈负相关。结论监测点采暖期UFPs污染水平较高,有必要针对UFPs开展长期监测及健康危害研究。

Objective To investigate the pollution concentrations of ambient ultrafine particles(UFPs)in typical areas of atmospheric pollution in China so as to provide experimental data for the study on health effects of UFPs exposure.Methods WPS-1000XP wide range particle spectrometer to monitor number concentrations,surface area concentrations and mass concentrations of UFPs between January and February15,2017in the center of Tianjin while DUSTMATE handheld enviromnental dust detectors were used to monitor the concentrations of PM23and PM:.Results The highest number concentrations of PM05and UFPs were up to33484/cm3and22461/cm3respectively,the average concentrations of PM05and UFPs were19185/cm3and13184/cm3respectively,and the highest surface area concentrations of UFPs were264.2|xm2/cm3,with an average level of126.69fxm2/cm3.The maximum mass concentration of UFPs was3.2jxg/m3,while the average concentration was1.6|xg/m3.The mass concentrations of PM25and PMj were up to600.0|JLg/m3and201.6|JLg/m3respectively,and the average concentrations were96.94ixg/m3and45.33|JLg/m3respectively.The mass concentrations of PM25were inversely correlated with the number concentrations of UFPs at8:30a.m.Conclusion The pollution level of UFPs at the monitoring site in the heating period is high,so it is necessary to monitor UFPs chronically and investigate the health risks of UFPs.