不同消解方法对废电视机外壳聚丙烯塑料中重金属含量测定的影响

Effect of Different Digestion Methods on Heavy Metals Concentration Determination in Polypropylene Plastic of Waste TV Shell

随着工业化和电子信息技术产业的发展,中国逐渐进入电子废弃物增长的高峰期,其中含有大量的有毒有害物质,加重了电子废弃物对环境的污染。以废电视机外壳PP塑料为研究对象,探究不同消解方法对ICP-AES测定废电视机外壳塑料中砷、铬、镉、铅的影响,先采用3种不同混合酸对不同生产年代的废电视机外壳PP塑料进行电热板坩埚消解,并对消解前后的塑料样品进行扫描电镜分析;再对电热板消解和微波消解进行了分析对比。结果表明,电热板消解中,不同的消解方法对聚丙烯塑料中重金属元素的测定具有一定的影响,其中对铬的影响最大;硝酸-双氧水-硫酸组成的混合酸体系消解效果最好;针对砷、铬、镉的消解,电热板消解与微波消解的差别不大,对于铅的消解,微波消解效果好。

With the development of industrialization and electronic information technology industry,the production of electronic waste in China has gradually come into a peak period,which contains a lot of poisonous and harmful materials that aggravate environmental pollution.Based on waste TV shell polypropylene(PP)plastic as the research object in this study,different digestion methodson ICPAES determination of arsenic,chromium,cadmium,lead in waste TV shell plastic scrap was explored.First of all,waste TV shell PP plastic of different generation was digested by electric heating plate crucible with three different mixed acid,and the plastic sample before and after digestion was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Then the samples of electric hot plate digestion and microwave digestion was analyzed and compared.The result showed that different digestion methods had a certain impact on the determination of heavy metal elements in polypropylene plastic,which had the greatest influence on chromium.The mixed acid sulfate system of HNO3-H2O2-H2SO4has the best digestion effect.For arsenic,chromium,cadmium,there was no obvious distinction between electric hot plate digestion and microwave digestion.For lead,microwave digestion exhibited better digestion effect.