轮作模式对西兰花耕作土壤微生物和酶活性的影响

Effect of rotation tillage on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity of broccoli

以"西兰花—空闲"轮作为对照,研究西兰花种植前和收获期,"西兰花—南瓜"轮作、"西兰花—早稻"轮作1 a和"西兰花—早稻"轮作2 a对土壤微生物和酶活性的影响。西兰花种植前,"西兰花—南瓜"轮作土壤细菌、放线菌和真菌数量最多;西兰花收获期,"西兰花—早稻"轮作2 a土壤细菌和真菌数量最多,"西兰花—早稻"轮作1 a土壤放线菌数量最多。西兰花种植前,"西兰花—早稻"轮作1 a土壤微生物生物量氮最高;西兰花收获期,"西兰花—早稻"轮作2 a土壤微生物生物量碳和土壤微生物生物量氮均最高。西兰花种植前,"西兰花—早稻"轮作2 a土壤脲酶活性最高;西兰花收获期,"西兰花—早稻"轮作2 a土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶活性均最高。上述结果表明,与其余3种轮作模式相比,"西兰花—早稻"轮作2 a可更有效地改善西兰花耕作土壤微生物环境,提高土壤酶活性。

In order to study the effects of crop rotation patterns on soil microbes and enzyme activities,“broccolifree”rotation was used as control,and“broccolipumpkin”,1a rotation of“broccoliearly rice”and2a rotation of“broccoliearly rice”were selected.Microorganism and enzyme activity of soil were tested before broccoli planting and after harvest.Before broccoli planting,the quantity of bacteria,actinomycetes and fungi were the highest in“broccolipumpkin”rotation soil.After broccoli harvest,the quantity of bacteria and fungi was the highest in2a rotation of“broccoliearly rice”soil,while the quantify of actinomycetes was the highest in1a“broccoliearly rice”rotation soil.Before broccoli planting,soil microbial biomass nitrogen was the highest in1a rotation of“broccoliearly rice”.After broccoli harvest,soil microbial biomass nitrogen and carbon were the highest in2a rotation of“broccoliearly rice”soil.Before broccoli planting,soil urease activity was the highest in2a rotation of“broccoliearly rice”rotation.After broccoli harvest,soil urease and sucrase activity were both the highest in2a rotation of“broccoliearly rice”soil.In conclusion,compared with the other3rotation modes,2a rotation of“broccoliearly rice”could effectively improve soil microbial environment and promote soil enzyme activity in broccoli cultivation land.